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This chapter presents extracts from the recorded discourse of six individuals who have played an important role in the author's research, along examples of results from the quantitative analysis of the communities they represent. Although the individual is not a significant unit of linguistic analysis, these speakers are prototypical of the sociolinguistic trends in their communities. Hearing their...
Research on language ideology concerns people's ideas about language and speech and how these ideas regiment actual language use and ultimately the structure of language itself. Such ideas are shaped by what humans are capable of being aware of in language and speech and by the nature of the larger political ideological projects to which language is typically recruited. The best‐documented language...
This chapter discusses the relationship between discourse and racism. It argues that discourse both contributes to the (re)production of and fight against racism. In addition to the introduction, the text is divided into three parts. Section 1 provides a selective overview of conceptions of “race” and “racism.” It reconstructs the etymology of “race” and conceptualizes “racism” as discrimination against...
This chapter details how the theorization of code‐switching and associated practices has been reliant on the theorization of identity, with both transformed through escalating contact set into motion by globalization. The review describes four traditions of code‐switching research that suggest divergent theoretical perspectives on language and identity. The first tradition, established in the 1960s...
This chapter explains several ways that discourse analysis has been used as a tool to analyze cross‐cultural and intercultural communication. It begins with a definition of cross‐cultural and intercultural analysis, and a wider discussion of culture: how it has been defined and applied. There follows an outline of some of the more problematic aspects of sweeping generalization in types of communication...
The chapter begins with a discussion of the early work that inaugurated and established the field of gender and language research. It then describes research that focuses on the discourse of women and men, and surveys developments in theorizing the relationship between gender and discourse. Moving on to recent themes and trends, it covers research on the intersectionality of race, class, sexuality,...
Broadly defined, queer linguistics applies insights from queer theory to studies of language and sexuality. While queer linguistic projects begin with an interest in sexual discourse(s), these interests lead quickly into broader interrogations of normative authority and regulatory power which overlap with some of the basic interests in Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). This chapter reviews several...
Ten years ago, child discourse studies had begun to focus on how using and acquiring language are part of becoming a member of a wider society and on sociolinguistic practices that were meaningful from children's own point of view. In the past 10 years as the field has broadened to examine language socialization in “linguistically and culturally heterogeneous settings,” child discourse studies encompass...
Interdisciplinary scholarship over the past three decades has aimed to characterize how the biological, social, and psychological changes that people identify as aging influence the way they use language and, conversely, how people's use of language can shape the biological, social, and psychological changes that they perceive and identify as aging. This chapter begins by exploring a range of methodological...
Families are living, dynamic entities that require considerable coordination to sustain themselves. Three sources of “coordination troubles” afflict contemporary families: (1) separation – the challenge to coordination that arises when family members' spend much of day spatially apart, (2) individualism – the difficulty of alignment when each family member pursues a path of self‐determination and...
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